* Interview-Based Review of Flood Models: Jane Albright continues her report on the 16 interviews she conducted with creation scientists and leaders for her article series exploring the leading flood models, the science, the Scripture, and the controversy. In today's Real Science Radio broadcast, Bob Enyart and Albright, who is a working professional engineer formerly with the U.S. Navy nuclear engineering program, discuss Catastrophic Plate Tectonics (CPT), the flood model based on the secular Plate Tectonics model and affirmed by the leading creation groups. Virtually all observers (including of course creationists), acknowledge that Earth's crustal plates move in relation to one another. Specifically, however, Plate Tectonics (PT) is the model based on seafloor spreading and subduction. So the PT model stands or falls (as does CPT) based upon whether those two claimed mechanisms are actual.

* Help Bob Identify HPT Scientists & Engineers: Please email Bob@rsr.org if you are a pro-HPT scientist or engineer.

* Enjoy Jane Albright's Series: Right here on RSR...
- albright-flood-series-1-VCT.pdf
- albright-flood-series-2-HPT.pdf
- albright-flood-series-3-CPT.pdf
- albright-flood-series-4-controversy.pdf

* RSR's Albright Broadcast Series: Bob and Jane discuss her article series on these three programs:
- Pt. 1: The Vapor Canopy and the Hydroplate Theory (covering Albright's first two articles)
- Pt. 2: Catastrophic Plate Tectonics (this program, Albright's 3rd article)
- Pt. 3: The Controversy over VCT, CPT, & the HPT (Albright's 4th article)

* Sediments vs. CPT: Earth's crust contains about 100 million cubic miles of sediments. The HPT very naturally accounts for the eroision of that rock from the underground chamber and along the cliff sides of the globe-encircling crack. On the other hand, Catastrophic Plate Tectonics cannot explain how all that rock was eroded. For example:

Click on that screenshot to watch the sediments segment from RSR's HPT video. Then watch as you see the kind of extraterrestrial  intervention that CPT's lead author acknowledges that his model requires to erode the world's sediments:

Recognizing the problem's severity, in 2013 at the International Conference on Creationism the lead author of Catastrophic Plate Tectonics, unbiblically and unreasonably "proposed that six near encounters with a moon-sized body temporarily captured by the earth… provide[d] the [energy] for the water motions and the resulting erosion, sediment transport and deposition processes."

And what for? As with CPT's supernatural accelerated radioactive decay, and CPT's supernatural erosion of sediments, why? Such physical features of the Earth, decay and erosion, were obviously not part of the perfection of the creation week. And yet they also were not necessary in a CPT-world to judge the Earth by water. Further, by CPT, accelerated radioactive decay requires another supernatural intervention, to remove the massive amount of heat generated. CPT doesn't add water to flood the Earth, for it claims (of all things) that the fountains of the deep were MAGMA! And it claims that the water that flooded the Earth was already on the surface, in the oceans! For Dr. John Baumgardener responding to questions that arose during the Flood Science Review, answered the question, "Is it possible that the water which emerged from the 'fountains of the great deep' was from a subterranean source?" as follows:

In this CPT framework the steam in these spectacular fountain-like jets as well as the water that becomes entrained in the fringes of the jets and lofted high into the atmosphere is ocean water.

So CPT doesn't add water, but regarding supernatural interventions not implied in the Bible, it sure does add quite a few miracles.

* Has CPT Been Peer-Reviewed?: No. CPT has not been peer reviewed. You cannot peer-review miracles. Miracles of convenience, not implied in Scripture, can solve any physics problem of any theory that otherwise claims to be scientific. Any theory relying on miracles cannot actually be peer reviewed. Why not? Because miracles can solve any physical problem and they can likewise be used to equally "validate" opposing theories. So peer review of CPT in it's current form (as of 2020) is meaningless. Therefore, as you peruse the following list of CPT miracles, ask yourself, might this "peer review" indicate nothing more than extreme bias among creationists? The "peer-reviewers" openly and uncritically accepted various miracles for no other reason than to answser the physical impossibilities of CPT. By "reviewing" these ad-hoc supernatural components of the sped-up  plate tectonics model, the reviewers were embracing a secular superstar (for a geophysicist, anyway) John Baumgardner and helping to bring his prestigious credentials into the movement. And how about Dr. Walt Brown's Hydroplate Theory peer review? A long-standing criticism of HPT is that it has not been peer reviewed in scientific creation journals. Ironically, one of the most extraordinary and unique aspects of Dr. Brown's HPT, that trans-Neptunian objects originated recently in the inner solar system, has been peer reviewed in one of the world's first and most prestigious astronomy journals, the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. (Hear about this at rsr.org/TNOs.) Real Science Radio plans to broadcast in December 2020, Lord-willing, a program addressing HPT, CPT, and peer review. Until then, at rsr.org/TNOs#hpt-peer-review you can see a brief response to the criticism, which, perhaps surprisingly, involves the Vapor Canopy Theory, radioactivity, and plagiarism.

* CPT Claims of Miracles Not Implied in Scripture: God created and has supernaturally intervened. But that does not justify appealing to miracles to solve a scientific model's problems. Repeated appeals to miracles by the leading authors and supporters of Catastrophic Plate Tectonics overtly demonstrate its failure to explain the evidence. They require supernatural intervention for CPT's primary mechanisms, to erode sediments (see just above), and to remove it's catastrophic heat.

- CPT Miracle Claim #1: "The physical laws were somehow altered by God to cause ['plate tectonics and the flood'] to unfold..." Baumgardner, 1990, The Imperative of Non-Stationary Natural Law in Relation to Noah's Flood, CRSQ pp. 98-100 

- CPT Miracle Claim #2: Edges of supercontinent get 720^oF colder so they'd sink into the mantle to get catastrophic plate tectonics going. "An initial temperature perturbation is required to initiate motions within the spherical shell domain that represents the earth’s mantle. For this, a temperature perturbation of -400 K to a depth of a few hundred kilometers is introduced around most of the perimeter of the supercontinent.” Baumgardner, 2002, Journal of Creation (see the two papers published together, Catastrophic plate tectonics: the geophysical context of the Genesis Flood and A constructive quest for truth).

- CPT Miracle Claim #3: Earth's mantle gets mushier or firmer. "…the mantle’s viscosity at [the time of the flood] was lower than at present to permit rapid sinking of the lithosphere into the mantle...” Baumgardner, 1990, Proceedings of the Second Int'l Conference on Creationism (3-D finite element simulation of the global tectonic changes accompanying Noah's flood)

- CPT Miracle Claim #4: God brought a second moon to erode Earth's sediments as "six near encounters with a moon-sized body temporarily captured by the earth can plausibly account for" Earth's sediments. Baumgardner, 2013, Explaining the continental fossil-bearing sediment record in terms of the Genesis flood: Insights from numerical modeling of erosion, sediment transport, and deposition processes on a global scale, 7th ICC. [In 2016, instead of publishing a retraction, Dr. Baumgardner published a "revision" of his paper, though we believe with an equally unworkable explanation for Earth's massive sediments.]

- CPT Miracle Claim #5: God supernaturally accelerated nuclear decay as described in the RATE Project. (While CPT flood mechanics do not require accelerated nuclear decay, the miraculous speeding up of nuclear decay is part of their overall model.)

- CPT Miracle Claim #6: God removed the heat of accelerated radioactive decay. "The Heat Problem: … God was directly involved in all of these events, so it is possible that He employed some supernatural process which does not occur today or cannot be detected." Vardiman, Austin, Baumgardner, et al., 2005, Radioisotopes and the Age of the Earth, Vol. II, ICR, pp. 761-763 (See RSR's flood video for one proposed method of this supernatural heat removal)

- The Anti-Miracle: (See the two-minute segment on this just below. Clicking play begins the video at 2:46:15.) In Pittsburgh in 2013 the CPT lead author John Baumgardner and advocate Dr. Mark Horstemeyer claimed in front of a plenary audience at the International Conference on Creationism, and in direct opposition to Genesis, that the Moon must have been created before Day 4.

Thankfully, Answers in Genesis' Dr. Danny Faulkner stood up to respectfully but firmly rebuke Dr. Baumgardner. See the video for more information. The secular plate tectonics model was the intellectual framework in which geophysicist Baumgardner spent years earning his Ph.D. He modeled his creationist theory, catastropic plate tectonics, on the secular theory in a way similar, though not as egregious, to basing theistic evolution on the secular theory of evolution. At RSR we believe that Dr. Baumgardner's theistic plate tectonics theory is flawed for the same fundamental reason that theistic evolution is flawed, and like theistic evolution, CPT too can be falisfied in innumerable ways including biblically, because it's specifics, unlike the HPT, are not based on Scripture (see chart, below).

* CPT Miracle Retractions: Miracle by miracle, if any of the creation groups or lead CPT authors issue a retraction of any of the miracles used over a quarter century to introduce and to sustain their support for that unscientific model, we will link to those retractions right here. (rsr.org/cpt#miracle-retractions)
- Retracted Miracle #1: pending link
- Retracted Miracle #2: pending link
- Retracted Miracle #3: pending link
- Retracted Miracle #4: "revision"
- Retracted Miracle #5: pending link
We are aware of no explicit retractions as of our latest update on Dec 1, 2020 although the Miracle #4 "revision" does eliminate the "second moon", replacing it with a proposal that we believe is equally inadequate at explaining the distribution, and especially the source, of Earth's massive sedimentary deposits.

* RSR to AIG, ICR, CMI, & CRS: ARD melts CPT.
(See also rsr.org/heat-4.)

* Many Geologists are Rejecting Plate Tectonics: See this example list at rsr.org/plate-tectonics#opponents. There is tremendous observational evidence in the vicinity of the ocean trenches that contradicts the subduction claims of plate tectonics. The work of marine geology expert Chris Smoot has been summarized by RSR our friend and textbook author Ellen McHenry.

* Correcting the Tropical Polar Motivation for Plate Tectonics: Consider also ICR's Larry Vardiman in 1984 observed that, "The evidence of [previously] warm polar regions is so extensive that the theory of continental drift was developed by evolutionary geologists to help explain how tropical fossil material can be accounted for at the poles [i.e., in the polar regions]." Consider though the biblical explanation for so much buried vegetation in the polar regions: Earth's Big Roll. That is the "biblical" explanation because the Bible teaches (what young earth creationists and flood geologists all affirm), that the world's major mountain ranges were raised up in a day! When that happened, because of the planet's extreme angular momentum, these new mountain ranges would require a re-orienting of the rotation of the globe so that it would come back into equilibrium. Consider, if the Himilayans rose up nearer to the north pole, then the Earth's rotation would swing them down, 30 degrees or so, closer to the equator. (This also explains a geological oddity, the virtually straight-line 3,000 mile-long crack in the Earth's crust called 90 East Ridge, discovered below the Indian Ocean and pointing toward the Himalayas. See this explained in Walt Brown's Figure 82, Earth's Big Roll and in Bryan Nickel's HPT Tutorial on DVD & Blu-ray (great for sharing) and online: 

* The CPT Model Completely Lacks Unique Biblical Support: For the 2011 Flood Science Review project, model authors were asked to present any scriptural support for their particular flood theory. The chart below shows the results obtained from model authors Walt Brown and John Baumgardner and vapor canopy theory proponent Dr. Larry Vardiman. See the spreadsheet behind this screenshot at Bible Material Uniquely Supporting Various Flood Models (aka Flood Models & Bible Verses ) and see this also as presented in the queued up video just below.

* The CPT Model Has Minimal Explanatory Power: The following chart illustrates the breadth of the explanatory power of the hydroplate theory as compared to catastrophic plate tectonics. See the spreadsheet behind this screenshot at Physical Features Requiring Explanation and Flood Models (aka Flood Models & Features to Explain). And see this also in RSR's flood video beginning at 3:06:45.

* Lava Water Swim & CPT. As reported at rsr.org/hotspots, CPT suggests that massive quantities of magma breaking out onto the ocean floor would produce supersonic steam jets shooting into the upper atmosphere. This video doesn't show "massive quantities" of magma but, nonetheless, we think it's a reminder of a major feature of the model that cannot be successfully simulated as it is one of CPT's many falsehoods...

Warning: Aside from the other obvious dangers with swimming where lava enters the sea, people have been killed by the steam produced, which geologists call laze, which contains hydrocloric acid and fine particles of volcanic glass.

* Popularity: If you Google in quotes, "Catastrophic Plate Tectonics" the search engine identifies 17,500 pages, but if you Google "hydroplate theory", you get 55,000 pages. Clearly Dr. Brown's fountains-of-the-great-deep flood model has caught the attention of rank-and-file creationists! 

* Hear, See, and Read RSR's Related Resources:
- Fountains of MAGMA (?) of the Great Deep. Huh?
- Deep Magma Can't Rise: The Crossover Depth!
- Hotspot Hypothesis (for Hawaii, etc.) Widely Discredited
- Plate Tectonics: Subduction Doesn't Happen 
- Plate Tectonics: Convection Doesn't Happen
- Catastrophic Plate Tectonics Miracles (just above)
- rsr.org/catastrophic-plate-tectonics (this show page)
- RSR Answers Hydroplate Theory Objections
- RSR Answers Baumgardner on Geometry, Crust, Heat, & Voltage
- rsr.org/hydroplate-theory
- rsr.org/bryan-nickel
- Bible verses uniquely supporting various flood models (also above)
- Physical features crying out for explanation (also above).

* HPT Objections from the CPT Lead Author: Included in our ongoing rsr.org/answers series are these programs (some renamed here for clarity).
- Compressing Granite Produces Voltages addressing John Baumgardner's HPT criticism that observations do not show that compressing granite produces voltages (with RSR presenting exactly such findings, significantly, in the literature)
- Secular QuakeFinder Official on Electromagnetics Tom Bleier on electromagnetic earthquake forecasting (interview conducted by RSR toward further answering geophysicist Baumgardner)
- Objections to HPT's Origin of Radioactivity answered by Joshua Spencer, Ph.D. in nuclear engineering answering Dr. Baumgardner
- Nuclear Engineer HPT Supporter on Objections and CPT Miracles Dr. Spencer, professionally employed in his field, exposing CPT's reliance on miracles (as listed above, and as he and Bob Enyart defend the hydroplate theory)
- Answering the "Geometry Problem"  HPT expert and graduate of (and then instructor for) the U.S. Naval Nuclear Power Program, Pastor Kevin Lea, answers the objection from Dr. Baumgardner regarding the hydroplate theory increasing over time its estimate of the thickness of the crust (from 10 kilometers in the first seven editions, to 10 miles in the 8th edition, to approximately 60 miles in the 9th edition)
- The "Pacific Crust" Objection answered by Lea (with a July 2020 update from Fred Williams and Bob Enyart at rsr.org/zealandia)
- Creation Groups' Opposition to Brown addressed by professional engineer Jane Albright including regarding Dr. Baumgardner
- The HPT Heat Problem objections from Dr. Baumgardner and others answered by HPT expert and mechanical engineer Bryan Nickel.

* Comment from an RSR Listener: A Lutheran Sunday School teacher with 15 years of experience who teaches kids from 5th to 8th grade sent in the following message:

Dear Bob and Fred and the RSR Crew,

The kinds of scientific discoveries that you guys report, much of it published in leading science journals that support young-earth creation, is the only thing that I have found that actually reaches the young kids that I work with. In the 7th grade, these boys and girls go through the Lutheran confirmation process. Afterward, I quiz them. They have learned almost nothing. More significant though is that the entire experience is meaningless to them. It's not that it has no meaning. It's worse than that. To them it is meaningless. The only way that I have found to break through to them about the importance of God's Word and the Gospel of Jesus Christ is with the amazing scientific discoveries that Real Science Radio shares that demonstrate that God is indeed our Creator! Thank you so very much for your work! And may God bless your continued outreach!

In Christ,

_ _ _ _ _   _ _ _ _ _

Lutheran Sunday School Teacher

* Help with RSR Research? At Real Science Radio, we always have way more research than we have the time or money to accomplish. You can help with one or both if you'd like to! For example, you can consider purchasing a book from our Amazon.com Research Wish List. Watch out though! They're not inexpensive. You could either read the book yourself to prepare a report (to send off to us at Bob@rsr.org of your assessment of what information may be helpful in our apologetics outreach) or you can just let Amazon deliver the book right to us (where our crack staff, namely Bob or Doug, will give the book an initial read to evaluate its information). So, if you can, please help! And whether you can or not, thanks and may God continue to bless you!

* Today's Resource: For online resources, go to rsr.org/flood. But to order RSR's #1 best-selling video, just click...

The Global Flood and the Hydroplate Theory
Blu-ray, 2-DVD Set, Stream or HD Download!

Real Science Radio co-host Bob Enyart presents the scientific evidence for Dr. Walt Brown’s model of the global flood, along with the relevant biblical material. Enyart also discusses Brown's opponents and contrasts both the vapor canopy and catastrophic plate tectonics with the hydroplate theory.

DVD Vol. 1
1. Walt Brown, Creation Leaders, and Scripture
2. Hydroplate Theory & Scientific Evidence

DVD Vol. 2
3. Hydroplates vs. Plate Tectonics
Bonus: Origin of Earth's Radioactivity

The Blu-ray disc contains all parts on one disc. And for now, save $10 with our special introductory pricing which discounts the $50 retail price to $39.99!

* Get the Best Creation Science Book Ever Written: Just click on the cover of the book to purchase it from RSR (which also helps us to continue broadcasting)...

* Interview-Based Review of Flood Models: (Updated 8/8/21) Jane Albright interviewed 16 creation scientists and leaders for this project. Another 17 declined to be interviewed. Now, Real Science Radio co-host Bob Enyart interviews Albright, a working professional engineer formerly with the U.S. Navy nuclear engineering program, on her resulting articles about the most prominent flood models.
- The Vapor Canopy Theory (VCT, built on a secular theory and now rejected by the leading creation groups)
- The Hydroplate Theory (HPT, built on the floodwaters coming from just beneath the crust)
- Catastrophic Plate Tectonics (CPT, built on the secular PT model and affirmed by the leading creation groups)

* Help Bob Identify Scientists & Engineers Supporting HPT: Please email Bob@rsr.org if you are a scientist or an engineer (or you can tell us of one) supporting Dr. Brown's Hydroplate Theory!

* Enjoy Jane Albright's Series: Right here on RSR...
- albright-flood-series-1-VCT.pdf (see its visibility problem, below)
- albright-flood-series-2-HPT.pdf
- albright-flood-series-3-CPT.pdf
- albright-flood-series-4-controversy.pdf

* RSR's Albright Broadcast Series: Bob and Jane discuss her article series on these three programs:
- Pt. 1: The Vapor Canopy and the Hydroplate Theory (this program, discussing Albright's first two articles)
- Pt. 2: Catastrophic Plate Tectonics (discussing Albright's 3rd article)
- Pt. 3: The Controversy over VCT, CPT, & the HPT (discussing Albright's 4th article)

* Flood Waters Continued Rising from Day 41 to Day 150: The waters for the flood came not from the atmosphere or above it but from "the fountains of the great deep". This explains how the floodwaters could continue to rise for another 110 days after the rain stopped at the end of the fortieth day. Genesis explains that the fountains that flooded the entire earth broke forth within hours. Physics explains why this occurred so rapidly and where this occurred. The crustal crack of the fountains wrapped around the world like the seam on a baseball. Such an event would leave a scar. And of course, the scar from that crack is the globe-encircling 40,000-mile long crack called the mid-oceanic ridge. Essentially, the MOR was formed by the crack below the crack that resulted when the weight of the overlying crust was removed, eroded and carried away with the escaping floodwaters. As with isostatic rebound, pressure from gravity forced the mantle beneath the crack to catastrophically bend upward creating a tension crack (not unlike the Grand Canyon's inner gorge and Marble Canyon). See this explained by mechanical engineer Bryan Nickel from 1:10:40 to 1:22:00 of his HPT overview video...

* How the Canopy Got Walt Brown Sideways with the Movement: Dr. Henry Morris, Virginia Tech hydraulics professor, founded the creation movement and promoted the vapor canopy theory which had been adopted by the major organizations. At 17 minutes into RSR's global flood video see how Dr. Morris introduced Walt Brown to his readers. And at 26:30 you can hear Rob Yardley, a friend of both men (and board member of J. Vernon McGee's Thru the Bible Radio Network) agree that Dr. Brown "took one for the team" by helping the creation movement see the error in its beloved vapor canopy theory. Also, at 18:50 see Dr. Morris himself indirectly cite Walt's opposition to the canopy theory, his "geophysical causes... of the Flood", as a reason for "problems". Over the decades though the creation movement followed Walt's lead and abandoned the canopy theory and its scientific misdirection. But as the messenger, Walt paid the price and once relationships sour they're difficult to mend. However, remember that through all the tension between the Apostles, at the end Peter honored Paul (2 Pet. 3:15-16). Likewise, at a high-profile moment at the end of his carrer, as you can see him doing at 31:30 in our video, Dr. Morris honors Dr. Walt Brown (or just click play...)

* ICR's Dr. John Morris on the Canopy: Hear also at 24:32 Dr. Morris regarding, "a huge canopy that covered the globe... we don't have the evidence, and the evidence we do have doesn't allow the canopy. If there were such a canopy, it would cause such a heat problem on the surface that it would be boiling temperature. Nothing could survive such a canopy. That's the problem... The more scientists have looked at that canopy theory, there are almost no creation scientists anymore who have studied it, who still hold to that traditional view of the canopy that was presented in [my father's book] The Genesis Flood... The Scripture doesn't say it. And the geological evidence doesn't support it."

* On Bob's 2018 Bible Tour of Italy: When in Rome Do Romans... 

* RSR Flood Model Resources including Shared Google Spreadsheets:
- Bible Material Uniquely Supporting Various Flood Models
- Physical Features Requiring Explanation and Flood Models 
- HPT Confirmed Predictions here at rsr.org/predictions#walt-brown 
- All of Real Science Radio's HPT resources collected over at rsr.org/global-flood.

* Higher Oxygen Levels, Greater Air Pressure, the Vapor Canopy, and HPT: A major argument for the vapor canopy has been the evidence that the pre-flood Earth had greater atmospheric pressure and a higher oxygen content. Whereas the VCT has been rejected by the major groups that promoted it, the Hydroplate Theory itself can explain why atmospheric pressure dropped. The HPT's eruption of the fountains ejected into space a significant percentage of the preflood atmosphere, immediately lowering atmospheric pressure. So the first HPT factor was that some of the air that stood immediately above the globe-encircling crack was carried into space by the erupting fountains. The second HPT factor is an effect that operates even today, gravitationally keeping atmospheric pressure lower as compared to the antediluvian world. The debris ejected from the Earth impacted the Moon (mostly the near side), Mercury, Venus, Mars, etc. and comprises the solar system's meteorites, asteroids, comets, irregular moons, and trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs). The loss of all this water and debris reduced by a few percent the mass of the Earth. Less mass means less gravity and that means that the atmosphere is not pulled down as tightly to the surface as before the flood. Therefore less atmospheric oxygen is held within Earth's narrow biosphere, with a higher percent of our atmosphere's oxygen at a higher elevation and so out of reach of our flora and fauna.

* Decrease in Human (and other) Lifespans: Another major argument for the vapor canopy has been the longer lifespans of the antediluvians, of people and of other organisms. Hydroplate Theory events may explain even better than the Canopy Theory why people, plants, animals, and insects may not live as long today as they did prior to the flood. Since the flood the Earth's crust has been loaded with radioactive (unstable) elements. Radioactive decay is dangerous to biological organisms for it not only harms the individual but degrades the functionality of the overall genome of an entire species. Today, multiple mutations occur with every single cell division, trillions of times over within, for example, a human body. See rsr.org/radioactivity and rsr.org/uranium for an introduction to the Hydroplate Theory's explanation for the origin of Earth's radioactivity. If the reduction of atmospheric pressure and reduced oxygen content were the primary reason for decreased health and lifespan, the consequences might have been seen in a more immediate drop (to current levels). Instead, charting the reduced lifespans shows an exponential decay over a few centuries which seems to fit better with the gradual deterioration of the genome that took the edge off the extraordinary precision biology that had continued to function in the post-Fall world. (See rsr.org/genetic-entropy, rsr.org/evidence#abrahams-marriage, and consider that relatively great longevity persisted till the flood even without the help of the leaves and fruit of the Tree of Life). So rather than a decrease in atmospheric pressure, the flood's origin of Earth's radioactivity explains better mankind's decreasing biological lifespan.

* Vapor Canopy Theory Visibility Problem: Every gas, at a given pressure and temperature, has an "optical depth" which measures how far or how much light can pass into a gas at a given pressure and temperature. Moses wrote in Genesis that God put, "lights in the firmament of the heavens to give light on the earth." So at night, star light had to pass through Earth's entire atmosphere. Yet consider how much water a vapor canopy would need to hold to allow it contribute a significant amount to the flooding of the entire Earth. Claiming that much water could be suspended in such a canopy is to claim almost infinite optical depth for water vapor. However, the thicker and denser the gas, the smaller its optical depth, that is, the less light can pass through it. A gas would have to be completely transparent to have infinite optical depth, and that's simply not the case for water vapor, or for any gas.

* Vapor Canopy Theory Heat Problem: In 1874 Isaac Newton Vail, who believed the Bible to be mythological, introduced the canopy theory and early supporters included Jehovah Witness founder Charles T. Russell. By 1984, the creation movement was considering a version of the model that held enough water to produce 40 feet of rain on the Earth. Yet after the early modern creationists had widely popularized the canopy, taken as a group, they later dropped this idea, primarily after Dr. Walt Brown publicized the biblical and physical evidence against it. The Bible mentions first the "fountains of the great deep" (some of which fell down as rain) yet after the first 40 days, the waters continued to rise on the Earth for another 110 days until they covered the mountains. This shows that indeed the primary source for the floodwaters came from below. Also, U.S. Air Force atmospheric simulation software confirmed what Dr. Brown had warned was obvious, that such a canopy would turn the Earth into an impossibly hot terrarium, even with only enough vapor to fall as just two inches of rain. Thus decades later, as above, Dr. Morris can state, "If there were such a canopy, it would cause such a heat problem on the surface that it would be boiling temperature. Nothing could survive... there are almost no creation scientists anymore who have studied it, who still hold to that traditional view of the canopy... The Scripture doesn't say it. And the geological evidence doesn't support it." The early creationists though were claiming, against physics and without need, a vapor canopy that would be nearly infinitely transparent. All material attenuates light to some degree. Matter (atoms and molecules) scatter, absorb, and reflect light. No material is perfectly transparent. And that should be obvious to everyone.

* Today's Resource: For online resources, go to rsr.org/flood. But to order RSR's #1 best-selling video, just click...

The Global Flood and the Hydroplate Theory
Blu-ray, 2-DVD Set, Stream or HD Download!

Real Science Radio co-host Bob Enyart presents the scientific evidence for Dr. Walt Brown’s model of the global flood, along with the relevant biblical material. Enyart also discusses Brown's opponents and contrasts both the vapor canopy and catastrophic plate tectonics with the hydroplate theory.

DVD Vol. 1
1. Walt Brown, Creation Leaders, and Scripture
2. Hydroplate Theory & Scientific Evidence

DVD Vol. 2
3. Hydroplates vs. Plate Tectonics
Bonus: Origin of Earth's Radioactivity

The Blu-ray disc contains all parts on one disc. And for now, save $10 with our special introductory pricing which discounts the $50 retail price to $39.99!

* Get the Best Creation Science Book Ever Written: Just click on the cover of the book to purchase it from RSR (which also helps us to continue broadcasting)...

* Hey Brian: Real Science Radio host Bob Enyart interviews in studio fossil expert Brian Thomas. Even though radiocarbon only lasts thousands of years, and not millions, Carbon 14 is found everywhere it shouldn't be! About the extraordinary persistence of 14c in marble, coal, oil, natural gas, dinosaur bones, and diamonds, Bob asks this Institute for Creation Research fossil expert about possible contamination as compared to endogenous 14c. The discussion is fascinating!

* Please Support ICR: To help the biblical creation movement continue to grow, please consider purchasing some of their fabulous resources for yourself and to give as gifts to others! You can do this at store.icr.org!

* Another RSR Prediction: On today's program, Bob Enyart and Brian Thomas predict that chert, even though it is often dated at more than a billion years old, will contain short-lived Carbon 14!

* Learn About Carbon 13 in Fossil Bones: If you love science and learning about fossils, you'll just love what Brian Thomas explains to us about the various Carbon isotopes in fossils, and the ratio of Carbon 12 and Carbon 13, and what that tells us about the diet of a dinosaur (or other creatures) and whether or not these Carbon isotopes reveal contamination, or a lack of contamination, in fossils that also include endogenous biological material! 

* RSR HIGHLY Recommends this Special CRSQ Edition: Long-time RSR listeners may recall Bob Enyart's paper published in the peer-reviewed journal, Creation Research Society Quarterly, Dobzhansy: 40 Years Later Nothing Makes Sense. Now, see the highly recommended iDINO Project Special Report that includes a fabulous radiocarbon paper by Vance Nelson and Brian Thomas! You can click to view the abstracts but RSR highly recommends purchasing this important and historic issue, which you can find also at tiny.cc/crsq-dino-soft-tissue-ed.

* Compound Interest: (post-show note) "If you're interested in economics, or you just want to understand your own finances, you just might love this book fascinating little book, Compound Interest, by Will Duffy." - Bob Enyart

* Post-show Statement: Bob Enyart and his guest Brian Thomas join the world grieving over the murder of scores of innocent people in Nice, France. Today's program, incidentally, was recorded before yesterday's horrific crime occurred.

* Technical Note: An initial glitch with today's program has been fixed. We apologize for the inconvenience.

* Post-show Statement: Bob Enyart and his guest Brian Thomas join the nation and much of the world grieving over the murder of five police officers in Brian's city of Dallas, Texas. Today's program, incidentally, was recorded just before this horrific crime occurred.

* Bird Wings in Amber: Real Science Radio host Bob Enyart interviews in studio fossil expert Brian Thomas on the two bird wings that have been found in two pieces of amber. Thomas, from the Dallas-based Institute for Creation Research, presents the various ways that these preserved specimens falsify the alleged 100-million-year age of these fossils. And Bob invites those in the Denver area to join him this evening at 7 p.m. to hear Brian speak to the Rocky Mountain Creation Fellowship at 5900 E. Yale Ave about the widespread discovery of original biological tissue that has survived within dinosaur bones for the thousands of years since so many of those creatures were destroyed in the global flood of Noah's day.

By popular demand (actually, Doug McBurney said that he loved the first show we did a couple weeks ago), Dr. Kevin Anderson is back with Bob Enyart on Real Science Radio!

Bob Enyart interviews molecular biologist and dinosaur researcher Dr. Kevin Anderson, director of the Van Andel Research Center in Chino Valley, Arizona about the iDino Project he is running for the Creation Research Society. Kevin is one of the history-making scientists who have published in prestigious scientific journals their discoveries of dinosaur soft tissue! See also Kevin's work at rsr.org/triceratops and get his book, Echoes of the Jurassic, online at the CRS Bookstore! Finally, Bob asked Kevin, as a molecular biologist, about one of RSR's latest favorite topics, the targeted antibodies cancer treatment revolution!

* RSR HIGHLY Recommends this Special CRSQ Edition: Long-time RSR listeners may recall Bob Enyart's paper published in the peer-reviewed journal, Creation Research Society Quarterly, Dobzhansy: 40 Years Later Nothing Makes Sense. Now, see the highly recommended iDINO Project Special Report from CRSQ! You can click to view the abstracts but RSR highly recommends purchasing this important and historic issue, which you can find also at tiny.cc/crsq-dino-soft-tissue-ed.

* Compound Interest: (post-show note) "If you're interested in economics, or you just want to understand your own finances, you just might love this book fascinating little book, Compound Interest, by Will Duffy." - Bob Enyart

* INSECTMAN: Some years ago a respected math teacher in West Virginia got the attention of the infamous evolutionist Richard Dawkins over in England. The Charleston Gazette wrote about the proposal of local math teacher Karl Priest, whom they referred to as "West Virginia’s best-known enemy of evolution." After hooking Dawkins but then losing him on the reel in, Mr. Priest now joins Real Science Radio host Bob Enyart to talk about insects (as curator of insectman.us, this is one of Karl's favorite topics). The guys explore just a few of the countless ways that insects disprove Darwin's theory of evolution!

* Eyed Hawk-moth: Bob Enyart just took the moth photo above and asked the Insectman to identify it. Mr. Priest replied that it is a member of the species Smerinthus ocellata, part of the family of insects known as the eyed hawk-moths.

* Dave Nutting Finally on RSR: It's been a long time coming but finally Real Science Radio gets to interview in studio the last of a triad of young-earth leaders! A few years back Dr. Henry Morris, the father of the modern creation movement, in a "passing the torch" California conference with Duane Gish, Chuck Smith, and Timothy LaHaye, listed three examples of the fabulous growth of the biblical creation movement: Ken Ham, Walt Brown, and Dave and Mary Jo Nutting. Ken Ham, of Kentucky, and Walt Brown, of Arizona, had both previously been in studio with us here in Colorado. But even though the Nutting's Alpha Omega Institute is headquartered on the western slope in Grand Junction, right here in our state, it took until after our 25th broadcasting anniversary to finally get geologist Dave Nutting in studio. What an honor!

* Rock & River Adventure: Three of the sons of RSR co-host Bob Enyart have enjoyed the AOI's six-day Rock & River Adventure spending days whitewater rafting on the Arkansas River in the heart of the Colorado Rockies, and then camping, rock climbing, and hiking. The next adventure begins on Monday, July 4th and if you and/or your children go along, you will not only enjoy God's creation in one of the most wonderful outdoor locations in the world, but around the campfire you will also learn apologetics and how to answer the famous atheists and evolutionists who deny the existence of the Creator God of the Bible! (And if you or your teenager can go, you'll be joining one of the Enyart boys on this July 2016 adventure.) To get information on the Rock & River Adventure, or AOI's September tour to Yellowstone National Park, the July Family Camp in Buenva Vista, Colorado, and other great adventures, please check out their website discovercreation.org or better yet just call 970-523-9943.

* Check Out Dave's Second RSR Interview: from Nov. 11th, the day he spoke in Denver at the Rocky Mountain Creation Fellowship...
 

The latest Facebook bias case against conservatives hits close to home, in fact, REAL close to home as the REAL SCIENCE RADIO hosts Bob Enyart and Fred Williams explain why the liberal social media firm shut down Bob Enyart's personal page. See the details just below. The guys then discuss,  from the perspective of biblical creation, the case of the gorilla and the baby. And finally, for some reason not obvious to RSR, it seems that our weekly radio program is about the only place to go to for reporting on mankind being at the dawn of the targeted antibodies revolution in cancer treatment!

* More Facebook Anti-Conservative Christian Bias? Facebook's bias against conservatives continues. Now, Facebook is rejecting Pastor Bob Enyart's State of Colorado driver's license as a valid form of identification. After Facebook erroneously took down conservative Christian Enyart's personal FB page using the excuse that he was not Bob Enyart and that he was someone impersonating Bob Enyart, Bob appealed that decision. Facebook responded saying that Bob could show that he really was Bob Enyart by scanning and emailing to them a government-issued photo ID. See below Bob's driver's license that he sent to Facebook, and a FB representative, "Rice", responded that Enyart's Colorado Driver's License does not meet their standard as government issued identification. Right. Because. Enyart. Is. A. Conservative.

* See Facebook Refusing Conservative Pastor's Driver's License as a Valid Form of ID: Bob had not blanked out, as below, his photo and details on the repeated emails to Facebook of his Colorado Drivers License...

Bob Enyart interviews molecular biologist and dinosaur researcher Dr. Kevin Anderson, director of the Van Andel Research Center in Chino Valley, Arizona. Dr. Anderson is speaking in Denver Friday June 10th, 2016 at 7 p.m. at 5900 E. Yale Avenue in Denver at the Rocky Mountain Creation Fellowship about the iDino Project he is running for the Creation Research Society. Kevin is one of the history-making scientists who have published in prestigious scientific journals their discoveries of dinosaur soft tissue! See also Kevin's work at rsr.org/triceratops and get his book, Echoes of the Jurassic, online at the CRS Bookstore! Finally, Bob asked Kevin, as a molecular biologist, about one of RSR's latest favorite topics, the targeted antibodies cancer treatment revolution!

* RSR HIGHLY Recommends this Special CRSQ Edition: Long-time RSR listeners may recall Bob Enyart's paper published in the peer-reviewed journal, Creation Research Society Quarterly, Dobzhansy: 40 Years Later Nothing Makes Sense. Now, see the highly recommended iDINO Project Special Report from CRSQ! You can click to view the abstracts but RSR highly recommends purchasing this important and historic issue, which you can find also at tiny.cc/crsq-dino-soft-tissue-ed.

* Compound Interest: (post-show note) "If you're interested in economics, or you just want to understand your own finances, you just might love this book fascinating little book, Compound Interest, by Will Duffy." - Bob Enyart

* Help Us Reach a Small YouTube Channel Goal: As we gradually grow the reach of our BEL/RSR YouTube Channel, we're nearing our latest goal of 700 subscribers. So, if you'd like to help, please click on over to our channel and then click Subscribe (and you might enjoy watching one of our science videos while you're over there). Of course, subscribing to any YouTube channel is free, and what it means is that when we publish a new video that we think that you might like, you'll get a notification. (We respect your valuable time, and so we don't use "notification" for all the videos we post, but just the ones that we think you might especially want to see.) Thanks guys!

* What is the Multiverse? Real Science Radio co-host Fred Williams passes along a question from a listener to Bob Enyart, "What's the Multiverse?" Bob answers, "The multiverse is a yardstick used to measure the strength of the fine tuning argument for God." But then, "Why do so many atheists support the multiverse?" Answer: "The degree of acceptance of the multiverse measures the desperation of atheists."

* Another Transient Event: Oxygen on Comet 67P: Bob and Fred also report on all the oxygen outgassing from comet 67P, to the dismay of atheists. Prof. Kathrin Altwegg is the project leader for the instrument which which measured the comet releasing oxygen over the course of seven months, the ROSINA mass spectrometer. It is because of well-known basic chemistry that Dr. Altwegg had to awkwardly admit, “We had never thought that oxygen could 'survive' for billions of years without combining with other substances." Yet even though oxygen is highly reactive, there it is, allegedly after billions of years, constituting much of the comet’s atmosphere along with water vapor, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and other gases. Of course though plentiful oxygen in comets is consistent with a young earth and an accurate understanding of origins, including as we reported at rsr.org/origin-of-coments. And while you need a (very worthwhile) subscription to creation.com/magazine to read his article, we also recommend Dr. Jonathan Sarfati's Oxygen in comet atmosphere undermines billions of years.

* NASA's Bait-and-Switch on Water and Life: Today's program includes a brief audio clip from RSR's upcoming Evidence Against the Big Bang video. This audio documents NASA's typical bait-and-switch when they state the obvious, and something that everyone knows, that: Water is NEEDED TO MAINTAIN life. Then they switch that out for a claim that runs contrary to everything known about chemistry, when by a slight-of-hand they claim that water would be a BENEFIT to the ORIGIN OF LIFE from matter. In reality, water is the universal solvent, and would relentlessly dissolve amino acids, any polymers, etc.

* Marijuana Mutates DNA and Harms One's Descendants: The guys discuss the latest horrific study on marijuana which strengthens a 2009 study confirming that smoking pot does in fact cause mutations, including heritable mutations that harm one's own children and grandchildren. See this and so much more at rsr.org/pot aka RSR's List of the Negative Effects of Marijuana. 

* Updated Show Summary for Last Week's Frank Turek Interview: Finally, Bob and Fred mention last week's interview with Apologist Frank Turek. That show summary has been updated including with the promised list of the few but important matters that RSR disagrees with Dr. Turek on. You can find this at rsr.org/turek.