RSR's List of Evidence for the Exodus
* RSR's List of Historical Evidence for the Exodus: (See the list itself just below.) Bob Enyart and Fred Williams present a new Real Science Radio series in their fun List Shows format, this one on the historical evidence for Israel's sojourn in and their exodus from the land of Egypt. RSR previously interviewed filmmaker Timothy Mahoney on his fabulous Patterns of Evidence: The Exodus, available at our KGOV Store and at patternsofevidence.com. Bob and Fred also use the work of Brad Sparks who organized a scholarly Exodus Conference at the University of California, San Diego. (Here's Part 2, Part 3, Part 4, Part 5, Part 6, Part 7, Part 8, and a Bonus: the astounding genetic mummy evidence and our 2019 Mahoney interview for the Patterns: Moses sequel.)
Then, on the same day in 2020 that The Red Sea Miracle, in the Patterns of Evidence series hit the theaters, RSR had the honor of interviewing Tim. And next, Bob Enyart and Fred Williams reviewed the film.
The Moses sequel, for example, hit theaters on 900 screens nationwide. Now, RSR urges you to get the films for yourself and friends! Filmmaker and friend rsr.org/tim-mahoney beat expectations (an incredible accomplishment!) giving the atheistic scholars their say against the possibility that 
Moses could have written Exodus (and the other books of the Pentateuch) and then giving the evidence its say! Did the alphabet begin with the Hebrews (and their aleph, bet, which, not coincidentally, are the first two letters of their alphabet)? Thanks to The Moses Controversy, the public can now see directly into what has previously been a scholars-only debate and Mahoney clearly exposes the familiar biased case of the experts against the Hebrews.
* List of Evidence for the Exodus: This list is no substitute for the work of Tim Mahoney and Brad Sparks so we highly recommend the Patterns of Evidence series and Sparks' paper (and others) in Israel's Exodus in Transdisciplinary Perspective. Our list here supplements materials from Mahoney and Sparks.
- The Hebrews gave the word "Pharaoh" to the world: Recall first that our English word "alphabet" comes from the first two letters of the Hebrew alphabet, aleph and bet. Then think about the etymology of the word Pharaoh which looks back to the term for the palace of Egypt's king. Chilperic Edwards, one of the first scholars to translate the Code of Hammurabi, stated regarding the non-Egyptian origin of the title of their monarch: "Pharaoh was the name given by Hebrew writers to the king of Egypt." Most Egyptologists reject the historical basis for the Exodus, discounting any significant role for Abraham's descendants in Egypt. Yet language itself, one of the greatest of world treasures, is perhaps our most important historical monument. Thus, Israel's role in Egypt can be rediscovered by recognizing that the Jews gave to the world the Hebrew word Pharaoh, a word that eventually attained to common usage even by the ancient Egyptians themselves. Edwards adds, "It has been pretended that [the word Pharaoh] is a corruption of the Egyptian pa-oura... But ur, or oura, simply means a chief, or headman, and has not yet been found applied to any monarch. [N]o word, term, or title resembling Pharaoh has yet been found upon any Egyptian monument applied to any king." For more regarding the title Pharaoh being Jewish while the name Moses is Egyptian, see rsr.org/pharaoh.
The next item in this list is hardest to understand,
but understanding it enables consideration of much of the rest.
- Exodus didn't happen in the 13th century BC: Great! Almost everyone agrees, from all secular Egyptologists who reject the Exodus outright to many biblical literalists, these agree that the Exodus did not happen in the 13th century BC or, for that matter, at any time in Egypt's New Kingdom period. Tim Mahoney's Patterns of Evidence film highlights the primary argument used by archaeologists, like Norma Franklin and Israel Finkelstein, to dismiss the evidence for any Israelite presence in ancient Egypt. Dennis Prager has given his assessment of their argument and here's Bob Enyart's summary: "The Exodus never happened, but when it never happened was in the 13th century BC." In fact, 1270 BC is the exact date that many say that the Exodus didn't happen! This non-sequitur concludes then that "Israel's origin" arises from "Palestine from approximately 1300 to 1000 BC." Why? Because of the date of an Exodus which never happened. However, if the Exodus occurred earlier, closer to 1500 BC, even if it left behind the mountain of evidence documented in Mahoney's film and elsewhere, the "13th-century argument" (aka the Ramesses Exodus Theory) prejudices experts and excludes much hard evidence even from consideration.
* Archaeologists conflate the name of "Ramses" with the date of building: Exodus 1:11 says that the Jews "built for Pharaoh supply cities, Pithom and Ramses", which may have housed public granaries. Secular Egyptologists are conflating the naming of this city with the date of the first construction at that location. This argues for consideration of Mahoney's work because it is by this conflation that evidence of the Hebrews in centuries before Ramses II, who built Pi-Ramsees, is systematically rejected. (Pithom and Ramses may be the storage facilities of Pi-Ramses.) To illustrate such an error, consider the Google search for: when was New York City founded...
* New York City wasn't New York City until later: NYC wasn't "named" "New York" until 1664. "York" is a British name and when the Dutch founded the settlement in 1624 in the region they called "New Netherland", they soon constructed "Fort Amsterdam" and named the island "New Amsterdam". Four decades later the King of England granted the land to the "Duke of York" and it became New York. Google's date for the city's founding, consistent with countless other references, is considered valid even though "New York City" did not exist in 1624. (Istanbul was founded centuries before Christ as Byzantium, yet it's most common name was Constantinople from 330 A.D. until 1922.) It is so common that we often don't even think of it as anachronistic to use the current name for something even when referencing a time before that name came into use. Jesus and the New Testament writers attributed the Pentateuch, the first five books of Scripture, to Moses (Acts 15:1 w Gen. 17; Mark 12:26, etc.) When writing Genesis, years after those events had occurred, naturally, Moses sometimes referred to God as YHWH, even though those events occurred long before he learned God's name in Exodus. In the same way, Genesis mentions the land of Ramses.
* An ancient city known to be built by Semites was absorbed into Ramses: Significant excavation has been accomplished at a Semite city called Avaris. What was found is presented in the Exodus film Patterns of Evidence and summarized in the bullets just below. It is therefore of interest, as reported even by Wikipedia, that, "Avaris was absorbed into the new city of Pi-Ramesses constructed by Ramesses II (1279–1213 BC)..." Thus there is a known Semite association with the building of the early settlement beneath Ramesses. This relatively new information could explain the "Ramesses" anachronism and therefore should caution archaeologists against dismissing all patterns of evidence for the Exodus excavated at that location simply on the claim that such evidence belongs to a date prior to Pharaoh Ramses II.
- Avaris in Goshen in Egypt's Nile delta was home to Semite population: Excavating the 15th-century BC Avaris, from beneath the southern sector of the 13th-century city of Ramses, Egyptologist Manfred Bietak has uncovered a large city, built on more than 600 acres, with residents who were Semites. (Bietak believes these Semites could not have been Israelites because the Exodus did not happen in the 13th-century BC.)
- Houses in Avaris were of foreign design: A significant percentage of the residences in Avaris were unlike Egyptian dwellings and distinctly built like the houses of northern Syria. The ground beneath some of these houses was used to bury their dead, which was a practice from Ur of the Chaldees, the place of Abraham's birth.
- Avaris became a major city of foreigners: Through thirty years of fieldwork in Egypt's delta and uncovering one of the largest cities in the ancient world, Bietak estimates the population of the "huge town" of Avaris as between 25 and 30 thousand foreigners, "people who originated from Canaan Syria-Palestine". He adds, "Obviously, this town enjoyed something like a special status, like a free zone, something like that." Egyptologists have also noted that the prosperous Semitic residents of Avaris themselves owned no slaves. (Remember that Hebrews are one of the Semite people groups as the term anti-Semite sadly reminds us.)
Bob also appreciated McAller's willingness to describe Gosnell's abortion mill as an indicator of what the abortion industry itself is like.
Real Science Radio hosts Bob Enyart and Fred Williams talk through the astounding scientific discoveries and evidence that fill their popular list shows, such as their List of Not So Old Things, their List of Fine Tuning Evidence, and their List of Evidence Against the Big Bang.
* ArcherDX in Boulder, Colorado: ArcherDX spearheaded the effort to extend the life of 
