Update: "Over at creation.com beneath a great article by Dr. Sarfati, CMI has posted Bob Enyart's argument that to impose capital punishment, the Bible does not require three eyewitnesses, but only three witnesses (which can include physical and circustantial evidence). See there and below for details. Thank you CMI for your mighty work!" -RSR

* Shocking Eels and Atheist Heels: While paging through the ever-fabulous Creation magazine, Bob Enyart and Fred Williams discuss the unsolvable dilemma Darwinism has in trying to evolve electric eels. And then the guys turn to the article, What about bad things done by the Church? Jonathan Sarfati hits back at atheists, hard, with solid rebuttals to their attempt to portray Christianity as bad for the human race. Caution though. If you're a big-time Sarfati fan, like we are, watch out, because the guys think they've found two errors that Jonathan made, regarding criminal justice, in an otherwise tremendous article.

* Eyewitnesses Not Necessary for Conviction & Execution: Some Christians have been taught that the Bible requires two or three eyewitnesses who testify that they saw a murder being committed in order for a convicted criminal to be executed justly. The Bible does not teach this however. God even describes a capitol case where there were not two or three eyewitnesses, yet He commanded the death penalty upon the conviction of the criminal (Deut. 22:25-27). The confusion comes in because the term "witness" is confused for "eyewitness". Our western mindset causes us to read text hyper-literally, as though we were lawyers, whereas the eastern mindset of Scripture expects more of the reader. The Bible emphasizes the need for multiple "witnesses", so while the criminal court is making careful inquiry (Deut. 19:18) into the specifics of the crime, the crime scene, motive, circumstances, the fingerprint of the accused in the victim's blood, etc., the court is to decide what evidence rises to the weight of a "witness" to the crime. Testimony does not only come from eyewitnesses (which is part of what the "Ark of the Testimony" was all about, with the physical evidence within it including a quart of manna and Aaron's walking stick that blossomed.)

* Multiple Witnesses Required for Any Criminal Proceeding: The requirement for "two or three witnesses" is not just for executing criminals, as it is often presented, but the Biblical standard of multiple "witnesses" applies to any court's hearing of any charge against the accussed, and certainly therefore, it is a requirement for rendering a guilty verdict for any kind of a crime, capital or otherwise. "One witness shall not rise against a man concerning any iniquity or any sin that he commits; by the mouth of two or three witnesses the matter [any conviction] shall be established" (Deuteronomy 19:15). So this requirement of multiple witnesses, whether physical evidence, circumstantial evidence, or eyewitnesses, applies across the board, even regarding the hearing of an accusation against an elder in the church (1 Timothy 5:19). Of course, otherwise, someone with a vendetta could cause great harm by simply making an unfounded accusation. Whereas criminals, and especially murderers, typically do not commit their crimes before eyewitnesses.

* Biblical Command for a One Eyewitness Execution: Oftentimes, eyewitnesses have been unreliable whereas forensic evidence has provided far greater certainty. (See rsr.org/forensics for a reconsideration of the creationist argument regarding "historical" and "obsevational" science.) In the illustration provided in Deuteronomy, while physical evidence could testify as additional witnesses, the only eyewitness available was the victim, and yet God specifically commands the death penalty for the culprit upon conviction:

"But if a man finds a betrothed young woman in the countryside, and the man forces her and lies with her [rape], then only the man who lay with her shall die [execution]. But you shall do nothing to the young woman; there is in the young woman no sin deserving of death [presumption of innocence], for just as when a man rises against his neighbor and kills him, even so is this matter. For he found her in the countryside, and the betrothed young woman cried out, but there was no one to save her." Deut. 22:25-27

In ancient cities, economics and security concerns led to extremely close quarters. A woman attacked in the city would be expected to cry out for help. For the sin of fornication committed by an unmarried couple, the strong recommendation in the Bible was that they get married. However, if it were learned that a married woman had been with another man, to escape prosecution there was the possibility that she might claim to have been raped. This suggests that if she were being assaulted, her neighbors may hear her cry out. (The Bible rejects the victim mentality promoted by our culture and even in such a horrific instance teaches women to resist an aggressor). One way that this crime scenario could have unfolded is that the accused may claim, "I have never seen this woman in my life." And he may deny ever having been out in the field where she was assaulted. But the judges inspecting the crime scene may notice a torn strand of fabric that matches a tear in his garment. And the woman may describe a scratch that she put on his shoulder. That fabric becomes a witness. The scratch is a witness. And the woman is an eyewitness. Thus, by the testimony of two or three witnesses the matter is established and the accused is convicted and executed.

* Another Code Revealed Withiin DNA Code: Real Science Radio hosts Bob Enyart and Fred Williams enjoy the latest science news from Creation magazine. They celebrate God's brilliance demonstrated by His embedding into DNA yet another newly discovered code (you'll love the "vowels" analogy)!

* An Oil Field That's About 14,000 or 370 Million Years Old: And the guys chuckle about secular dating of an oil field based on the age of fossils which range, allegedly, from only thousands of years to 370 million years!

* Another Astounding RSR Prediction Confirmed: Bob and Fred's latest creation prediction has been confirmed by the March 2014 issue of the Journal of Paleontology! So, falsifying Bill Nye's claim that Christians cannot make science predictions bsaed on the book of Genesis, once again, an astoundingly specific and counter-intuitive RSR prediction has been confirmed by a peer-reviewed paper. On February 21, 2014 the RSR hosts made this written and broadcast prediction: Original dinosaur soft tissue, etc., will be found largely independent of the claimed age of the fossil. This was confirmed in March 2014! See the upcoming RSR update on this paper in the Journal of Paleontology that has confirmed original soft tissue in a fossil allegedly 530 million years old!

* Dick Lamm's buddy accepted Bob Enyart's challenge. "Duty-to-die" Dick, a former Colorado Governor (and life-long advocate of suicide, euthanasia, and dismembering unborn children) moderated a panel on "assisted suicide" (i.e., medical homicide) at the University of Denver on Thursday evening. One of the four panelists, Bob Enyart, offered $10,000 dollars to Dick Lamm's favorite charity if there were no instances of recovery among patients declared "brain dead". Asking the governor if he would give $10,000 if such recoveries have occurred, Dick Lamm said absolutely not! Later, when challenged, another panelist, "Hemlock Society" board member Charles Hamlin, said that he would donate that $10,000 to our favorite charity if Enyart were correct. Victory! See Dunlap at rsr.org/brain-dead.

* On Those Who Recover from Being Brain Dead: Real Science Radio's Bob Enyart interviews Paul Byrne, M.D., board certified neonatologist and pediatrician, founder of the NICU at the Children's Medical Center in St. Louis and clinical professor of Pediatrics at the University of Toledo. Bob and Dr. Byrne discuss Jahi McMath, her condition, that she is not dead, and others who have recovered from being diagnosed as "brain dead".

* Thanks to LifeSiteNews.com and Other Outlets: The world is learning of the specific people who have been alleged to be "brain dead" who have then recovered. For details, see rsr.org/brain-dead.

* The guys find something you can really gnaw into: Part 2. So, Bob & Fred really did stumble upon the most informative interview ever in the study of Neanderthals. Real Science Radio hosts Bob Enyart and Fred Williams report also on the latest genetic research that shows that Neanderthal are closer to human than a chimp is to a chimp, which powerfully corroborates Dr. Jack Cuozzo's anatomically-based conclusion from the 1990s that Neanderthal were human. Dr. Cuozzo has studied firsthand and x-rayed more Neanderthal skulls than anyone else, ever. For part 1 of Dr Cuozzo's interview, click here.

* Two Thumbs Down on Noah; Thumbs Up on God's Not Dead: As a result of watching Ken Ham's program, RSR has decided to recommend against seeing the movie Noah, which portrays Noah as a psychopathic failure and God as worse. However, we highly recommend the movie God's Not Dead!

* Enjoy RSR via SoundCloud: Here's another way to listen to Real Science Radio on your smartphone or iPad. Just click for RSR on the SoundCloud app!

* And from the RSR Caveman Show:

* DNA Doesn't Lie! Neanderthals were MAN: Now that geneticists have sequenced the entire Neanderthal genome, they have proved wrong many of the world's leading evolutionists who had long claimed that Neanderthals were not Homo sapiens. [Update: Of course this corroborates Dr. Jack Cuozzo's creation-based findings from two decades earlier!] The young age of the earth, and that life had to be specially created because it is  information based, prove that Man was specially created and that there never was such a thing as an ape/human ancestor. Now, DNA proves that Neanderthal men and women were fully man, that is, they were Homo sapiens, because along with many other indicators, genetically they are closer to modern humans than two living chimps of the same species are to one another!

* Two Chimps Are More Different than Neanderthals Are To Us: Regarding Georgia Purdom's report that, "two modern chimps of the same species will have more DNA variation than Neanderthals or Denisovans have to modern humans," see creation geneticist Dr. Robert Carter in the Journal of Creation 23(1) 2009, p. 40-43, The Neanderthal mitochondrial genome does not support evolution, along with Becquet, C. et al., Genetic structure of chimpanzee populations, PLoS Genetics 3(4):617–626, 2007, as reported at Science Daily and Kaessmann, H., Wiebe, V. and Pääblo, S., Extensive nuclear DNA sequence diversity among chimpanzees, Science, 286:1159-1162, 1999 as reported in a 2007 AAAS news release.

(Updated August 2, 2021)

* How To Get Your Hands on a Neanderthal Skull: Did the guys just stumble upon the most informative interview ever in the history of the study of Neanderthals? In the year 2000, television and radio teacher D. James Kennedy conducted a groundbreaking interview on the subject. But by producing today's program in 2014, Real Science Radio hosts Bob Enyart and Fred Williams get to incorporate the latest genetic research while interviewing Dr. Jack Cuozzo, the jaw and teeth expert who has studied firsthand and x-rayed more Neanderthal skulls than anyone else, ever. For part 2 of Dr Cuozzo's interview, click here.

* Neanderthals took Aspirin and Penicillin: Aches and pains? According to a 2017 paper in the journal Nature, Neanderthals chewed on poplar bark. And a throat infection? Research indicates they ate moldy bread to treat various ailments. (Related: rsr.org/genius-of-ancient-man.)

* Neanderthal Blood Type: A July 2021 paper in PLoS One surprised evolutionists. For Neanderthal went extinct allegedly 40,000 years ago yet now we find out that they did not have only type O blood but that they had blood types A, B, and O, just like your family (and the Denisovians too).

* Neanderthals Made String: According to a 2020 paper in the journal Nature, Direct evidence of Neanderthal fibre technology and its cognitive and behavioral implications, these ancient men manufactured strong and fine string with strands "seperated and twisted clockwise (s-twist) [then] twined counterclockwise (Z-twist) to form a cord" with the kind of experience that "requires detailed knowledge of plants, seasonality, planning, retting [i.e., microbial actions reducing plant material to fibers, and] an understanding of mathematical concepts". CMI's Creation magazine adds that these Neanderthal artisans had to possess "considerable dexterity; each composite strand need[ed] to have the right thickness, the right twist--and the right tension, adjusted and maintained throughout."

* DNA Doesn't Lie! Neanderthals were MAN: Jack Cuozzo's 1979 museum work beginning in Paris is effectively a dated creationist prediction, as reiterated in his 1998 book Buried Alive, as are other creationists' writings. About three decades later, geneticists sequenced the entire Neanderthal genome and in 2013 they have doubly confirmed that Neanderthals used spoken language (of course), and with these scientific observations, they have confirmed the creationist prediction and proved wrong many of the world's leading evolutionists who had long claimed that Neanderthals were not Homo sapiens. The young age of the earth, and that life had to be specially created because it is information based, prove that Man was specially created and that there never was such a thing as an ape/human ancestor. Now, DNA proves that Neanderthal men and women were fully man, that is, they were Homo sapiens, because along with many other indicators, genetically they are closer to modern humans than two living chimps of the same species are to one another! Also, Dr. Cuozzo's work provides scientific reinforcement of the implication of Genesis that today's Homo sapiens age much more quickly than did human beings from a few millennia ago.

2019 Update: Denisovians reproduced extensively with Neanderthal. So this report from ScienceNews is fun! "This ancient Denisovan finger bone is surprisingly humanlike". Exactly, though, surprising to those who have less understanding. :)

2020 Update: Not only are modern humans closer to Neanderthals than chimps are to other chimps, but also, we are closer to Neanderthals than polar bears are to brown bears!

2021 Updates:

- The plethora of fossil soft tissue (as listed at bflist.rsr.org) shows that dinosaurs are young. Likewise, genes sequenced from a Neanderthal toe bone that are "comparable in quality to those sequenced from living people" indicates that the Neanderthal who lost his toe didn't live 50,000 years ago but just a few thousand years ago.
- Bob's wife Cheryl has up to a thousand times more American Indian DNA than does Pocahontas (i.e., Elizabeth Warren). And worldwide, humans have an average of about 2% Neanderthal DNA. That is, 2000 times Pocahontas' Indian DNA. Thus as the Encyclopedia Britannica puts it, "modern humans and Neanderthals [are] not two different biological species, despite most classifications treating them as such."

* Film at 11: If you prefer, instead of just listening to today's Neanderthal program, you can watch it, here: 

* From the RSR Caveman Show:

* Two Chimps are More Different than Neanderthals are to Us: Regarding Georgia Purdom's report that, "two modern chimps of the same species will have more DNA variation than Neanderthals or Denisovans have to modern humans," see creation geneticist Dr. Robert Carter in the Journal of Creation 23(1) 2009, p. 40-43, The Neanderthal mitochondrial genome does not support evolution, along with Becquet, C. et al., Genetic structure of chimpanzee populations, PLoS Genetics 3(4):617–626, 2007, as reported at Science Daily and Kaessmann, H., Wiebe, V. and Pääblo, S., Extensive nuclear DNA sequence diversity among chimpanzees, Science, 286:1159-1162, 1999 as reported in a 2007 AAAS news release.

After Real Science Radio's debate with Lawrence Krauss, a leading big bang proponent, we aired our list of peer-reviewed scientific evidence against the big bang and aga

* The Design Implications of Flight: Real Science Radio's Bob Enyart interviews Paul Nelson, fellow with the Discovery Institute who was an associate of the famed Phillip Johnson of UC Berkeley who wrote Darwin on Trial. Dr. Nelson also organized the Mere Creation conference (1996), where the modern intelligent design research community first formed. Bob talks with Paul about the really fun Illustra film, Flight: The Genius of Birds, available from RSR on DVD or in a Blu-ray combo with another great video, Metamorphosis!

* How BEL Learned of Illustra Films: A decade ago in early 2004 one of our listeners from Colorado Springs called into the program to say that she had just watched on her local PBS Public Television station a documentary, Unlocking the Mystery of Life, that suggested that Darwin was wrong and that the evidence showed that that life must have been designed. We had a hard time believing that this was possible. How could a PBS station air so much simple common sense on a single program? Of the scholars and scientists in the film, Paul Nelson has been a major force in the Intelligent Design movement and appears in four Illustra films including their newest, Flight: The Genius of Birds.

* Paul Nelson Bio: Dr. Nelson is a Fellow with the Discovery Institute and an Adjunct Professor for the masters program in Science & Religion at Biola University. With a Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in the philosophy of biology and evolutionary theory, Paul Nelson was an associate of the famed Phillip Johnson of UC Berkeley, who wrote Darwin on Trial, and Paul organized the Mere Creation conference (1996), where the modern intelligent design research community first formed.

* Discussion Topics: Bob Enyart and Paul Nelson describe:
- the groundbreaking animation in the Flight video of the hummingbird's astounding tongue, which does not use capillary action, as previously assumed, to drink nectar, but using an shockingly sophisticated mechanism of opening and closing compartments.
- the stunning animation and video of bird embryos developing within the egg.
- the 24,000-mile round-trip migration of Arctic Turns from Greenland to Antarctica and whether "instinct" resides in DNA (Bob Enyart thinks not), or perhaps somewhere in the epigenetics of the organism. (See quote below. Epigenetics is a kind of catchall phrase for all the information bound up in an living organism that does not reside in the DNA.)
- the stunning video of the murmuration of hundreds of thousands of starlings, flying as if choreographed in a awesome display of style and beauty. As Dr. Nelson said in the film, our response to this amazing phenomenon transcends words as we respond, like we do to great art, with our emotions and our soul.
- the fun animation of a single feather, which has as many as a million separate, amazingly integrated, parts.
- the animation of a bird's specialized muscles (which reminds Bob of his PZ Myers Trochlea Challenge, which Myers responded with an admission that he could not answer that simple question regarding natural selection's ability.
- though off topic, because Bob was one of hundreds in attendance in Pittsburgh in August 2014 when Dr. Nelson spoke to many scientists, authors, researchers, and engineers, he asked Paul to describe the genetic sequencing of ants and the most astounding discovery about their so-called orphan genes!

* National Geographic, not Bible, Wrong on Camels: :) You just can't make this stuff up...

* Extensive Evidence of Camels in Abraham's Day: Genesis is proved right again. Too bad National Geographic didn't first talk to archaeologist Dr. Titus Kennedy (who we learned about through the Associates for Biblical Research). If the Nat'l Geographic editors had, they would not have published their overtly false article last month claiming that Abraham could not have had domesticated animals as recorded in Genesis. Ha! There's loads of documentation of camel domestication from the ancient world, even many centuries prior to the time of Abraham!

* An Excerpt from Dr. Kennedy's Paper: The godless are willing to twist every fact in their attempt to discredit the Bible. To make their indefensible claim that the Bible is wrong to describe the domestication of camels in the time of the patriarchs, Dr. Kennedy points out that:

...archaeological and textual evidence must be either ignored or explained away. Bones, hairs, wall paintings, models, inscriptions, seals, documents, statues, and stelae from numerous archaeological sites all suggest the camel in use as a domestic animal in the ancient Near East as early as the 3rd millennium BC, and certainly by the Middle Bronze Age.

* Monica Lewinsky/Madonna Wannabe Nina Burleigh: Post-show Update. Pervert, liberal journalist, and child-dismemberment celebrator Nina Burleigh interviewed Bob Enyart regarding abortion for a Newsweek cover story. ("Any politician willing to kill a single person is disqualified.") During their discussion Bob told Nina about the National Geographic camel fiasco. Then Enyart pointed out to Burleigh, who has written about bias in biblical archaeology, that she was so right to point out that opposition to the Bible could blind archaeologists to the evidence. Of course she emphasizes the contrary point, but did admit its reciprocal.

* Dr. Kennedy's Credentials: Hey, what an honor it is for Real Science Radio to have this guy on our program! (Of course we felt the same in November when RSR interviewed the world's most popular authority on Jericho, ABR's Dr. Bryan Wood, to celebrate the many discoveries of secular archaeologists that confirm important details in Joshua's account of ancient Jericho and its destruction. Thus the ruins of perhaps the world's greatest oldest city powerfully corroborate one of the most amazing accounts in the Bible.) Regarding Dr. Kennedy, his street creds include:
- Mount Zion excavations, Jerusalem. Supervisor, 2013.
- Suba (Cave of John the Baptist), Ein Kerem, Israel, Supervisor. 2011.
- Khirbet el-Maqatir Excavations, West Bank, Supervisor, 2009, 2011.
- Hazor Excavations, Hazor, Israel, Excavator, 2005, 2007, 2010.
- City of David Excavations, Jerusalem, Israel Antiquities Authority, Excavator. 2010.
- Temple Mount Sifting Project, Jerusalem, Sifter and Artifact Examiner, 2008, 2010.
- Mammoth Site, La Mirada, California. Supervisor, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013.
- MA in Near Eastern Archaeology, University of Toronto.
- MA in Biblical Archaeology, University of South Africa.
- PhD in Literature and Philosophy, Biblical Archaeology, University of South Africa.
- Associate of the Discovery Institute, Seattle, Washington (occasional)
- Languages: Hebrew, Greek, Egyptian Akkadian (Old Babylonian), French, and limited Russian, German, and Latin.
- Research Specialities include Archaeological Demography; Bronze and Iron Age Levant; New Kingdom Egypt; Roman Period Mediterranean; Archaeology and Ancient Texts; Artifact Photography; Comparative Archaeology. Database of 80 museums and collections including: the British Museum, the Louvre, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Israel Museum, the Rockefeller Museum, the Cairo Museum, and the Istanbul Archaeology Museums.

* Mississippi, Wisconsin, and Colorado Callers: Real Science Radio hosts Bob Enyart and Fred Williams members of the brightest audience in the country who were worked up about Ken Ham's debate with Bill Nye The Science Guy. Fun stuff!

* Bill Nye Heartbroken and Sickened: Creation Museum founder Ken Ham announced yesterday that a municipal bond offering has raised enough money to begin construction on the Ark Encounter project, estimated to cost about $73 million! The Associated Press reports that Bill Nye is, "heartbroken and sickened for the Commonwealth of Kentucky" because the full-sized ark construction project has received its necessary funding to proceed. For more details, see this Associated Press story, Noah's ark project in KY to move forward; Bill Nye upset about it.

* Today's Resource: Did you hear our caller mention this really, really fun debate, Does God Exist? Well, you can read this entire Battle Royale VII: Does God Exist? for free online in the center ring in the Coliseum at TOL (TheologyOnline.com). Or, to support Real Science Radio (especially during our vital telethon), you can call 1-800-8Enyart (836-9278) or just click to purchase a comfortable paperback to read in bed or while at the park or sitting in your favorite arm chair! Here at Real Science Radio we make you this promise: You'll love this book, or your money back! (Now, how many authors make that offer? See our KGOV Store.com for our standard, no-small-print, five-word, money-back guarantee!)

Russian Translation: If you have a Russian who friend you'd like to share this with, thanks to Olga Nellis of Texas who is originally from Ukraine, you can download our translation of the initial rounds in Russian! (If you are fluent in Russian and would like to help Olga continue the translation, please email Bob@KGOV.com!)

* Another Confirmed Creationist Prediction! Another of RSR's dinosaur soft tissue predictions has been confirmed.