* Another Disappearing Evolution Argument: Evolutionists have long claimed that human DNA is 98.5% the same as chimps providing evidence that humans evolved from an ape-like creature. The fact that apes have 24 chromosomes and humans have 23 didn't give them pause when they quickly decided, despite very little data to go on, that the human chromosome 2 was merged from two ape chromosomes. Real Science Radio hosts Bob Enyart and Fred Williams discuss the powerful, fact-based rebuttal, presented by geneticist Dr. Jefferey Tomkins. When this idea was conceived, it was believed that the "fusion site" showed the marks of fusion, and over the next decades it was claimed that what surrounded the "fusion site" was junk dna. Uh-oh! It sounds like this story isn't going to end well for the evolutionists.

* Dr. Tomkin's Writings on Chromosome 2:
- 2015: More DNA Evidence Against Human Chromosome Fusion
- 2013: New Research Debunks Human Chromosome Fusion
- 2013: Alleged Human Chromosome 2 "Fusion Site" Encodes an Active DNA Binding Domain Inside a Complex and Highly Expressed Gene—Negating Fusion 
- 2011: Chromosome 2 fusion model of human evolution—Part 2: Re-analysis of the genomic data with Dr. Jerry Bergman 
- 2011: Chromosome 2 fusion model of human evolution—Part 1: Re-evaluating the evidence with Dr. Bergman

* See Also: If you've learned a lot from this program, you might want to check out rsr.org/genomes and rsr.org/junk-dna. Bob and Fred also briefly discuss the BEL Voters' Guide and their soon-to-be-release YouTube video, Fountains of MAGMA (?) of the Great Deep.

* Lucy's Non Upright Walking Definitive Chimp-like Features: The infamous alleged "human ancestor" had "locking wrists" for knuckle walking, a chimp-sized brain, sloping face, inner ear and skull attachment at chimp-like angles, curved hands surprisingly (to some) similar to tree-climbing chimps, long and curved (even by ape standards) toe bones, and a 2016 autopsy that reports death by falling 46 feet out of a tree! Real Science Radio host Bob Enyart interviews Dr. Dan Biddle about Lucy. Dan has Ph.D. in the behavioral sciences and has worked as an expert witness. Dr. Biddle more recently founded an organization focused on reaching California public school biology students, Genesis Apologetics. Dr. Biddle's organization, which includes the amazingly talented Pat Roy, has produced a highly recommended, dramatized YouTube video series that begins with a great classrom scene, viewable at GenesisApologetics.com and over at rsr.org/pat-roy. And right here, at rsr.org/biddle, you can see Dr. Biddle's webinar on Lucy: 

* Daniel Biddle: Dr. Biddle has worked as an expert consultant or witness in over one hundred state and federal cases in the areas of research methodologies and analysis. As the president of Genesis Apologetics, Daniel equips youth pastors, parents, and students with biblical answers for evolutionary teaching in public schools. Daniel is also on the Board of Directors for the International Association for Creation. Dr. Biddle has trained thousands of students in Biblical creation and evolution and is the author of several Creation-related publications. He has a Ph.D. in Organizational Psychology from Alliant University in San Francisco, California, an M.A. in Organizational Psychology from Alliant, and a B.S. in Organizational Behavior from the University of San Francisco.

* Update on rsr.org/time: Btw, Google ranks Real Science Radio highly for various important search terms! For example, our article on God and time, at rsr.org/time, has become a modern classic! If you search online for: Is God outside of time, or just: God outside of time, you'll find that Google ranks us as #1 out of millions of possible pages. Even if you Google only: outside of time, or: God's relationship to time, or God time, you should find us ranked relatively well on the first page of results! RSR has just updated the last section of that article, titled Misconception 4: God cannot cross an actual infinity.

There's "Nothing" Like a Walk in the Park (This program is part of our rsr.org/hpt#metaseries.)

* Debrief of Glacier Geology Field Trip with Walt Brown: Real Science Radio hosts Bob Enyart and Fred Williams discuss the Geological Society of America's 2016 Glacier Nat'l Park field trip attended by Dr. Walt Brown, his assistant, geologist Brad Anderson, and RSR's Enyart. The guys discuss three geological features, the Lewis overthrust fault, the 30,000 foot thick thin-layered rippled slate, and the "off the scale" flood mud deposits. Bob also talked to the geologists about dinosaur soft tissue, Carbon-14 in diamonds, and rapid opal formation. By the way, RSR references this 30k-foot thick shale also at rsr.org/volume-of-sediments-on-earth.

* Difficulty with Global Overthrusts: See maps and cross-sections below, along with much information on Montana's Lewis and many other overthrusts. Mainstream geologists have difficulty explaining overthrusts. A senior geologist at the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate, Fridtjof Riis, also a recipient of the Geological Survey of Norway’s the Brøgger Prize, writes candidly:

A thrust nappe consists of rocks that have been pushed several kilometers. The lower boundary of a thrust nappe is defined by a thrust fault. ... A typical thrust nappe rests more or less horizontally on top of a younger sequence of strata. ... What kind of forces were able to push large mountain masses more than a hundred kilometers on top of younger layers? ... Two mountains stand out as the  Scandinavian reference sites of thrust nappes where older types of bedrock lie on top of Cambro-Silurian sedimentary rocks. ...the thrust nappes on the Norwegian side must have been transported at least 100 kilometers relative to the Swedish Cambro-Silurian sequence. ...to many people it seemed physically impossible that such large distance thrust faulting could have taken place.

Physically impossible, yes, in a uniformitarian framework, but very understandable, similar to what happened at Glacier, and even the Great Unconformity, as we explain over at rsr.org/origin-of-the-grand-canyon. (Thank you Jay Hall for finding this quote.)

* RSR's Global Flood and Hydroplate Theory Video: Also available on DVD, Blu-ray, and download. We hope you enjoy this:

* Walt Brown's HPT and his Sidebar on Overthrusts: If you're interested, check out Real Science Radio's main Hydroplate Theory page at rsr.org/flood and the sidebar Dr. Brown has written titled Overthrusts: Two Possibilities (click and then search, ctrl-f, on that page for: Morris).

Before getting to the sad shocker of today's program, that creation groups are reinterpreting the "fountains of the great deep" to refer not to water but to volcanoes (?!), hosts Bob Enyart and Fred Williams report actually shocking science news about how far a hundred watts of energy will take your brain (and body), about our ability to see a single photon, and about crocodiles eating fruit! Real Science Radio today also airs audio from infamous anti-creationist Eugenie Scott to put the lie to the Junk DNA story, once again, now that some human retrovirus genes have been found to be, not junk but, essential to reproduction! But the big story today is that our beloved creation movement is headed down yet another tragic and obvious dead end, this one designed to save the failed creationist version of the secular Plate Tectonics theory, by claiming that the fountains of the great deep that flooded the globe were not water... but magma??? Oh boy! Here we go again...

* RSR Programming Notes: On Nov. 25 we aired our rsr.org/crossover-depth program with aerospace and defense industry engineer Bryan Nickel discussing four scientific problems with Catastrophic Plate Tectonics's "MAGMA (?) of the Great Deep" flood interpretation. One week earlier, on Nov. 18, we published RSR's YouTube video on the topic. This topic my intimidate some folks from commenting, but please feel free to share your thoughts. Thanks! Also, toward the end of this video, a notice points viewers to this page to see a second short video, the one embedded just below this first one:

  
* "Crossover Depth" Falsifies CPT & AiG Animation: Below 220 miles, called the "crossover depth", melted rock greatly compresses and so would not rise but sink. So aside from the biblical error of claiming that the fountains of the great deep were not water but magma, a physics error is that CPT has the magma impossibly rising through 1,800 miles of mantle up to the crossover depth. This and many other powerful scientific observations falsify catastrophic plate tectonics, AiG's animation, and also plate tectonics. (Just like the public hears very little about dinosaur soft tissue, because it exposes the falsity of old-earth paleontology, so too, the public hears little about the crossover depth, because it exposes the falsity of plate tectonics. See also rsr.org/flood and rsr.org/albright.) Consider further, the magma just beneath the mantle is approximately double the density of the mantle's solid rock that is sitting just inches above the liquid outer core.

 
The main reason for the sharp boundary between the liquid outer core and the solid mantle is the difference in density. And again, by the laws of physics that magma cannot rise through the nearly 1600 miles from the core up to the crossover depth, as claimed by Answers in Genesis, Plate Tectonics, and the Catastrophic Plate Tectonics theory. Geologists are not physicists; they've developed many stories that somewhat match their worldview and that somewhat match the data, but the harder part is getting those stories to fit in with the laws of physics, which they do not. 

Further, if magma melted a path from the core up to the crust, its path could possibly be detectable today with seismic tomography. That now solidified path should have a sharp density contrast with the rest of the mantle. (Long, thin, straight lines are easy to detect. (Recall seeing from an airplane or satellite photos roads in jungles or bridges over rivers.) It seems that none of the theory authors of Catastrophic Plate Tectonics have ever predicted that such a path might be detectable. Contrast that with the many predictions made by Dr. Walt Brown, author of the Hydroplate Theory. See rsr.org/predictions for those, and for the many confirmations of stunning HPT-informed predictions.

* On Thermodynamics and Rising Magma: Consider also, to melt a path upward through the entire mantle and crust, rising magma loses heat to its surroundings. The magma would solidify long before it reached the crust. In a private conversation with Dr. Brown, RSR learned that in the 1980s he did a brief study for a geology professor, Troy Pewe, who happened to be a member of the National Academy of Sciences (and a good friend of Walt's friend, one of the father's of plate tectonics and the one who coined the misnomer, "seafloor spreading", Bob Dietz). The question answered was, How large would a plume of magma have to be to melt its way to the surface of the earth (assuming it would rise). It turns out that such a plume would lose so much heat that it would have to be bigger than the Earth to melt its way all the way up to the surface! Though the results stunned him, Dr. Pewe did not dispute the calculations. And further, of course the speed of the rising magma would be an important variable, because the slower it rises the more heat is lost to surrounding rock. Question: If the speed at which magma would rise from the core is zero mph, how long would it take to reach the surface?

* Reading Dr. Walt Brown's 1,000+ Scientific References: As RSR host Bob Enyart read Dr. Brown's book through for the second time, he read every one of Walt's references. Among those, on this topic, you can find the following: 

Above the crossover depth of 220 miles, magma actually does rise, but it does so primarily through faults, not plumes. Magma rises along faults a million times faster because rising as a plume presents, "severe thermal and mechanical problems." Add to this observation another from our own rsr.org/atheism page, "the theory of plate tectonics begins with plates already in existence, and has no mechanism for the initial breaking of the crustal plates." While it may not be generally realized that the change in the volume of magma as it rises and sinks is the primary cause of shallow and deep earthquakes, geologists do agree that an earthquake is a sudden slippage along a preexisting fracture—a fault. Yet it takes much greater forces and energy to produce the preexisting fractures than to produce the slippage. So, what created the tens of thousands of fractures? Plate tectonics theory only tries to explain earthquakes that occur at plate boundaries, when plates rub against each other, but again, it never explains how those plate boundaries—fractures occurred. Further, most earthquakes occur inside or below plates and not at plate boundaries!

The hydroplate theory of the global flood provides an explicit mechanism for breaking of the major plates and for the crushed crustal rock found globally. Gigantic shifts of mass during the flood produced a myriad of fractures through earth’s crust and mantle. These shifts included the 1,400-mile widening by erosion of the 46,000-mile-long, 60-mile-deep rupture, the deposition of eroded sediments, the uplift of the Atlantic floor and the corresponding subsidence on the opposite side of the earth, the formation of earth’s core, and the compression event. (See rsr.org/flood!) Of course, the many flood basalts around the world could not be produced without the preexisting faults for the lava to travel through and spill out of. Abutting the RSR studio to the east, the comparatively small Colorado Plateau has thousands of faults which geologists have mapped without knowing how they were formed nor how the plates initially broke apart. A biblically-based understanding of the global flood provides satisfying answers to these and hundreds of other significant questions.

* RSR's List of Arguments Creationists Should Not Use: Bad arguments...
- Historical "science" is not science. Historically, creationists backed into this position regarding the "Demarcation Problem" of what qualifies as science to do an end run around the claims of paleontology, geology, and cosmology. For our rebual of this claim, please see rsr.org/forensics for our article and program titled, Historical & Observational Science Equally Good.
- The Second Law of Thermodyanics began at the fall. This claim, popularized by the father of the modern creation movement, the beloved Henry Morris, is biblically and scientifically indefensible. See rsr.org/entropy.
- When did unknown mechanisms become scientific concepts? This is an overtly unjustified criticism of a theory. For example, gravity itself works by an unknown mechanism.
- The plant kingdom is not a kingdom life. This is false. Before the fall, there was no death of nephesh life, that is, of any creatures that possessed a soul. But there appears to be no valid moral or theological objection to a virtually infinite destruction of organisms that have no capacity for suffering, including microbes, insects, fungi, etc.
- When did unobservable processes become scientific concepts? This is an obviously unjustified objection to a theory. Consider for example Einstein's thought experiments and other examples at rsr.org/math.
- With the exception of the arguments that by our judgment we SHOULD USE, listed just below, leading creation groups have otherwise fine lists of arguments to avoid, here and here. 
- And of course, from above: The fountains of the great deep were volcanic fountains of magma. (See just above.) Thankfully, ordinary creationists haven't begun using that argument, and with God's help, we all can keep it that way! Please pray that the truth prevails among creationists on this matter!

* Arguments Creationists SHOULD Use: Answers in Genesis has claimed, as late as 2014, that we should not use the Moon Dust argument, but there is plenty of hard scientific data indicating that it's a solid argument for a recent creation. Various creation ministries have also argued against the following arguments, all of which RSR believes are valid arguments:
- Minimal dust on the moon indicates a young moon (see rsr.org/moon#dust).
- Mammoths were rapidly frozen during the global flood (see rsr.org/mammoths)
- The Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures has a reliable chronology (see rsr.org/septuagint)    
- Human and dinosaur fossil footprints have been found together in Texas' Paluxy River Basin
- The division in the days of Peleg refers just as the Bible says, to the "earth" being divided (see rsr.org/peleg) 

* Raymond Damadian on the Upright MRI and Multiple Sclerosis: The inventor of the MRI (see rsr.org/mri), Dr. Raymond Damadian, returns to Real Science Radio to discuss this published findings obtained using his newly invented "Upright MRI" device. Traditional horizontal MRIs remove the stress that gravity puts on the spinal column and thereby hide some of the possible causes of MS and other neurodegenerative disease. After scanning early dementia sufferer former NFL quarterback Jim McMahon and recommending treatment that tremendously improved the health of the Chicago Bears alumnus, Damadian then scanned and obtained corrective treatment for three multiple sclerosis patients. Damadian made history also by filming the actual flow of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and then showing blockage of that circulation in eight MS patients. He now proposes that inhibited flow stops the CSF from removing metabolic waste from the brain; that the 300 polypeptide (proteinaceous) chains in the CSF cannot efficiently transport to where they are needed; and that this may be a major factor in the development of MS. Further, he has documented some significant success (including the disappearance of brain lesions), in the first handful of patients who have undergone his suggested chiropractic treatment to realign the top two vertebra, known as Atlas and Axis, that appear misaligned in MS patients in the scans performed by the upright MRI.

* Two of Evolution's Insurmountable Problems: Enyart and Damadian conclude their discussion by discussing:
- the absurdity of the notion that our spinal column could evolve piecemeal (see rsr.org/chiropractor), and
- the impossibility of sexual reproduction arising by evolutionary mechanisms (see rsr.org/sexual-reproduction).
"Like evolving a vital organ," said Real Science Radio's Bob Enyart, "most major hurdles for evolutionary theory are extinction-level events."

Inventing the MRI: At rsr.org/mri, hear Real Science Radio co-host Bob Enyart interview Raymond Damadian, inventor of the MRI magnetic resonance imaging device. If you love learning about the history of scientific discovery, inventions, and absolute truth, you will absolutely LOVE listening to today’s program! A year ago Bob logged onto Wikipedia to edit the entry on the MRI after noticing that the events listed in the History section of that article were out of chronological order. After making a minor change, moving the sentence about Dr. Damadian earlier in the section to where it belonged chronologically, Bob noticed that the heavy-handed Darwinist editors at Wikipedia, obviously seeking to diminish the contribution of young-earth creationist Damadian, reversed Bob’s correct and to the day of our interview, they insist on presenting the History of the MRI out of chronological order. Selah.

* Please Support RSR: Please consider making a one-time or automatic monthly donation by clicking on the Store tab (above) or by calling 1-800-8Enyart (836-9278). Please help us continue ro reach people with RSR broadcasts for another year!

The Bigger Star: Pat Roy, a bigger star to Real Science Radio even than the NHL's Patrick Roy, is the creator of the Jonathan Park Adventure Series! On today's program Bob Enyart interviews Roy who is now with a public school outreach in California called Genesis Apologetics making classroom drama YouTube videos. And when Pat Roy bought 120,000 wristbands that say debunkevolution.com, the anti-Christian printer donated $4,000 to the anti-creationist Eugenie Scott (see rsr.org/eugenie).

Two Videos: See first the Genesis Apologetics classroom video that begins their Debunk Evolution series, and then, just below that, see the RSR video when Bob Enyart spoke to a college philosophy class in Lansing, Michigan...

* RSR Programming Note on MS and the MRI: MRI inventor Raymond Damadian, whom we mentioned during Part 2 of our series on the Fathers of Science, will give an update on Friday, October 7th at 5 p.m. E.T. here on Real Science Radio regarding insights into multiple sclerosis which were enabled by Damadian's breakthrough development of the upright MRI.

* Now for Scientists After Darwin: Real Science Radio hosts Bob Enyart and Fred Williams continue their discussion on the fathers of the physical sciences including about scientists who worked AFTER Darwin published his Origin of Species. As documented by leading science historians, many of the fathers of the natural sciences rejected naturalistic origins, including pioneering scientists such as Copernicus, Bacon, Kepler, Galileo, Pascal, Boyle, Newton, Cuvier, Dalton, all of whom worked before Charles Darwin. And those who did their work after the publication of Origin of Species included Faraday, Pasteur, Joule, Kelvin, Lister, Carver, each of whom continued to advocate for special creation and to reject evolution.

* Prequels: Make sure to start by listening to Fathers Pt 1 and Fathers Pt 2.

* Answering the Atheist's Argument from Authority: Our list below of many of the fathers of science who believed in a creator is not an argument from authority. Rather, it is a REBUTTAL to logical fallacy committed often by  evolutionists when they make an invalid argument from authority. First, they severely misrepresent reality when they claim, as physicist Lawrence Krauss said to Bob Enyart, that "all scientists are Darwinists", for they are ignoring the 600,000 U.S. Ph.D.s, MDs, and professors, who reject the fundamental claim of materialistic origins. Secondly, while there is nothing wrong with quoting an expert on a topic, the bait and switch tactic of identifying experts in one topic and then without acknowledging the switch, proceeding as though they were experts in a different field, is one way of committing the logical fallacy of an invalid argument from authority. Being a pilot doesn't mean that you know how to make an airplane, let alone gravity. So we should take care not to commit the logical fallacy of argument from an invalid authority, like this:

Scientists are experts in operational physics, chemistry, and biology.
Most scientists believe in naturalistic origins.
Therefore naturalistic origins must be true.

It is a logical fallacy to claim, as Lawrence Krauss did to Real Science Radio, that success in operational science translates to deserved trust in origins. Our list of the fathers of science who believe in the Creator God is offered  to rebut the common claim, as made by countless atheists (including TOL's Stratnerd), that only uneducated people reject evolution.

* Which Technologies or Inventions Depend Upon Darwinism or an Old Earth? Holman QuickSource Guide to Understanding Creation states that young earth creation, "requires one to regard virtually all of modern science as fundamentally mistaken... about most of the... principles that have made modern technologies possible." Its authors, Whorton and Roberts, have that claim in common with evolutionist Theodosius Dobzhansky, and those who've said the same to us here at RSR: Lawrence Krauss and Alate_One from over at our sister site, TheologyOnLine.com. Dobzhansky claimed that "Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution." And TOL's Alate_One claimed on the Bob Enyart Live Forum that, "Mainstream science is the only science that actually works." So Real Science Radio has a question for A_O, Whorton and Roberts, Krauss, and Dobzhansky (although we'll have to wait to ask him till judgment day). In a list of major inventions and technologies since 1860, can you identify ones that were enabled by Darwinian insight, or by belief in an old earth? Countless technologies and inventions were enabled by Kepler, Galileo, Newton, Mendel, Bacon, Pascal, Dalton, Faraday, Joule, Kelvin, Lister, Carver, and the Wright Brothers. But they're all on OUR creationism list. But, which of these did the inventors need Darwinism to develop?

Light bulb, vacuums, pasteurization, railway, typewriter, electric motor, carburetor, loudspeaker, telephone, phonograph, microphone, photographic film, seismograph, solar panels, punch cards, cars, combustion engine, AC transformer, contact lens, tractor, ballpoint pen, cinematography, wind energy, zipper, escalator, X-ray, remote control, tape recorder, air conditioning, fire fighting foam, neon lamp, EKG, airplane, seismometer, sonar, radio, TV, rockets, radar, sliced bread, transfusion (think Harvey here), EEG, steel, radio telescope, jet engine, computer, Velcro, transistor, atomic clock, nuclear reactor, fiber optics, hard drives, satellites, spandex and spam, lasers, digital photography, optical disc, 3D holography, LED, mouse, lunar lander, Venus lander, video games, video cassette, space station, e-mail, karaoke :), LCD, microprocessor, MRI, Ethernet, PC, DNA sequencing, Internet, Plasma TV, GPS, MP3 player, flash drive? (See more inventions and discoveries.)

* Fathers of Science who Believed in the Creator God
Philip Paracelsus, died 1541, Chemical Medicine
Nicolas Copernicus, 1543, Scientific Revolution
Francis Bacon, 1626, Scientific Method
Johann Kepler, 1630, Physical Astronomy
Galileo Galilei, 1642, Law of falling bodies
William Harvey, 1657, Circulatory System
Blaise Pascal, 1662, Probability and Calculators
Robert Boyle, 1691, Chemistry
Christiaan Huygens, 1695, Physical Optics
Isaac Newton, 1727, Gravitation
Carolus Linnaeus, 1778, Taxonomy, Modern Biology
George Cuvier, 1832, Anatomy/Paleontology
John Dalton, 1844, Atomic Theory

For those who object that these brilliant men lived prior to the 1859 publication of Darwin’s Origin of Species, consider the following scientific giants all of whom in a time of more open debate, publicly rejected natural origins and Darwinian evolution, and indicated that the evidence supports belief in a supernatural Creator:

Michael Faraday, died 1867, Electromagnetism
Matthew Maury, 1873, Oceanography
James Clerk Maxwell, 1879, Electromagnetic Radiation
Louis Pasteur, 1885, Microbiology
James Joule, 1889, Thermodynamics
Lord Kelvin, 1907, Thermodynamics (preferred ID over Darwinism; see below)
Joseph Lister, 1912, Modern Surgery
G. W. Carver, 1943, Modern Agriculture

* SEE ALSO the 600,000 Ph.D.s, Profs, and MDs Doubting Darwin: For the research on how many U.S. professionals in the operational sciences, medicine, professors, etc., do not accept the general claim of materialistic origins, see Real Science Radio's List of Scholars Doubting Darwin & the Big Bang.

* RSR Programming Note on MS and the MRI: MRI inventor Raymond Damadian, whom we mentioned during Part 2 of our series on the Fathers of Science, will give an update on Friday, October 7th at 5 p.m. E.T. here on Real Science Radio regarding insights into multiple sclerosis which were enabled by Damadian's breakthrough development of the upright MRI.

* Now for Scientists After Darwin: Real Science Radio hosts Bob Enyart and Fred Williams continue their discussion on the fathers of the physical sciences about scientists who worked before and after Darwin published his Origin of Species. As documented by leading science historians, many of the fathers of the natural sciences rejected naturalistic origins, including pioneering scientists such as Copernicus, Bacon, Kepler, Galileo, Pascal, Boyle, Newton, Cuvier, Dalton, all of whom worked before Charles Darwin. And those who did their work after the publication of Origin of Species included Faraday, Pasteur, Joule, Kelvin, Lister, Carver, each of whom continued to advocate for special creation and to reject evolution.

* Answering the Atheist's Argument from Authority: Our list below of many of the fathers of science who believed in a creator is not an argument from authority. Rather, it is a REBUTTAL to logical fallacy committed often by  evolutionists when they make an invalid argument from authority. First, they severely misrepresent reality when they claim, as physicist Lawrence Krauss said to Bob Enyart, that "all scientists are Darwinists", for they are ignoring the 600,000 U.S. Ph.D.s, MDs, and professors, who reject the fundamental claim of materialistic origins. Secondly, while there is nothing wrong with quoting an expert on a topic, the bait and switch tactic of identifying experts in one topic and then without acknowledging the switch, proceeding as though they were experts in a different field, is one way of committing the logical fallacy of an invalid argument from authority. Being a pilot doesn't mean that you know how to make an airplane, let alone gravity. So we should take care not to commit the logical fallacy of argument from an invalid authority, like this:

* Special Episode of Real Science Radio: As also with atheists, and earning a place on our kgov.com/sayings page, "The most popular evolutionist is the one who can say the greatest absurdity with the straightest face." Ditto for leftists. On today's program, our test subjects are Hillary Clinton and Richard Dawkins. (See also a 2019 example below and our preemptive use of this test in our 2020 List of Ways Humans Differ from Animals.)

For the superfluous reasons for this doctrine see rsr.org/atheism and rsr.org/evolution. And please note, today's show aired not as an RSR program but as a typical Bob Enyart Live (i.e., Monday - Wednesday) show, but later we designated it as RSR because it highlights the D.O.P.E.

And here's the video that we aired Dawkin's audio from...

* Example of Bob's Saying: This Ellen McHenry cartoon illustrates Enyart's saying, "The most famous atheist is the one who can say the greatest absurdity with the straightest face. Ditto for evolutionists." From ScienceDaily and the Journal of Geology, Did ancient supernovae prompt human ancestors to walk upright? A paper in the Journal of Geology makes the case. Supernovae bombarded Earth with cosmic energy starting as many as 8 million years ago, with a peak some 2.6 million years ago...

At RSR's Good Little Rat, Bad Little Bat show we covered another example of DOPE...

 * Discover Magazine Thinks Mutated Finger Is A Big Step Toward Flight: Really! You just can't make this stuff up! Ha!! Real Science Radio co-hosts Bob Enyart and Fred Williams get a kick out of Discover Magazine claiming that a mouse with mutated fingers, "may have instigated the evolution of mammalian flight." Before pointing out why this sounds mickey mouse to us, first consider one of the many problems that evolutionists have, which Discover admits in their article: "The fossil records show a sudden appearance of mammals [i.e., bats, which are] nearly identical to modern bats about 50 million years ago—with no transitional forms." (And with all the variation that exists among modern bats, they could have just dropped the word "nearly" from their description of Darwin's problem.)

* Ten Years After RSR's 2006 Program: Real Science Radio hosts Bob Enyart and Fred Williams update an RSR show from ten years ago this week on the fathers of the physical sciences. As documented by leading science historians, many of the fathers of the natural sciences rejected naturalistic origins, including those who worked both before and after Darwin.